How Can Manufacturers Of Wireless Computer Speakers Increase The Noise Functionality?

| Monday, November 25, 2013
By Linda Cullmann


To help you choose a set of cordless speakers, I will clarify the term "signal-to-noise ratio" which is regularly used to explain the performance of wireless loudspeakers.

As soon as you have chosen a range of wireless loudspeakers, it is time to investigate a few of the specs in more detail to help you narrow down your search to one model. The signal-to-noise ratio is a rather important parameter and describes how much noise or hiss the wireless speaker creates.

Evaluating the noise level of different sets of wireless speakers may be done rather simply. Just gather a few types that you wish to compare and short circuit the transmitter audio inputs. Afterward set the wireless loudspeaker gain to maximum and verify the level of hiss by listening to the loudspeaker. Generally you are going to hear two components. The first is hissing. In addition, you are going to often hear a hum at 50 or 60 Hz. Both of these are components which are produced by the cordless speaker itself. After that compare several sets of wireless loudspeakers according to the next rule: the smaller the amount of static, the better the noise performance of the wireless loudspeaker. Yet, bear in mind that you should set all sets of cordless loudspeakers to amplify by the same level in order to compare several models.

To help you compare the noise performance, wireless loudspeaker makers publish the signal-to-noise ratio in their wireless loudspeaker spec sheets. Simply put, the larger the signal-to-noise ratio, the smaller the amount of noise the cordless loudspeaker produces. Noise is produced due to a number of reasons. One reason is that modern cordless loudspeakers all use components including transistors as well as resistors. Those elements are going to generate some amount of noise. As the built-in power amp overall noise performance is mostly determined by the performance of elements located at the amp input, makers will attempt to select low-noise components while developing the amp input stage of their wireless speakers.

Hiss is also created by the wireless transmission. Different styles of transmitters are available which work at different frequencies. The most inexpensive type of transmitters makes use of FM transmission and typically transmits at 900 MHz. FM transmitters are quite prone to cordless interference which is why newer products typically make use of digital music broadcast. This type of audio transmission provides larger signal-to-noise ratio than analog type transmitters. The amount of noise is dependent on the resolution of the analog-to-digital converters as well as the quality of other parts.

The majority of today's cordless speakers have built-in power amps that include a wattage switching stage which switches at a frequency around 500 kHz. This switching frequency is also hiss which is part of the amplified signal. On the other hand, today's cordless speakerspecifications usually only consider the noise between 20 Hz and 20 kHz.

The signal-to-noise ratio is measured by inputting a 1 kHz test tone 60 dB below the full scale and measuring the noise floor of the signal generated by the built-in amplifier. The gain of the cordless loudspeaker is set such that the full output power of the built-in amplifier can be achieved. Subsequently, only the hiss in the range of 20 Hz and 20 kHz is considered. The noise at other frequencies is removed via a filter. Next the level of the noise energy in relation to the full-scale output wattage is computed and expressed in decibel.

Often you will find the expression "dBA" or "a-weighted" in your wireless speaker spec sheet. A weighting is a technique of expressing the noise floor in a more subjective manner. In other words, this method attempts to state how the noise is perceived by a human being. Human hearing is most sensitive to signals around 1 kHz whereas signals under 50 Hz and above 14 kHz are hardly heard. The A-weighted signal-to-noise ratio is typically larger than the unweighted ratio and is shown in a lot of wireless speaker specification sheets.




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